What does capnography measure during anesthesia?

Capnography measures the concentration of carbon dioxide in the exhaled air. This is crucial during anesthesia as it provides real-time information about the patient's respiratory status. By continuously monitoring the levels of carbon dioxide, anesthesia providers can assess the adequacy of ventilation and ensure that the patient's lungs are effectively removing carbon dioxide produced by metabolism.

Capnography can also help detect issues such as hypoventilation or accidental airway disconnections, which could lead to serious complications if not promptly addressed. Maintaining appropriate levels of carbon dioxide is critical in ensuring that the patient is safely managed throughout the surgical procedure.

Other options pertain to different physiological parameters that are important but do not encompass the primary function of capnography. Measuring oxygen concentration, anesthetic levels in the bloodstream, or heart rate involves other monitoring techniques and devices, making those options incorrect in the context of what capnography specifically evaluates.